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A1 grammar lessons
A1 · Lesson 5

Articles a and an

Use a or an before one singular countable noun when you introduce it or describe a job, role or type of thing.

Learning goal

Choose a or an from the first sound of the next word.

12 minutes

Lesson plus a 10-question session

Articles a and an

What you'll learn

Use a or an before one singular countable noun.

  • a book
  • an apple
  • a teacher
  • an engineer

Start with these examples

  • I have a brother.
  • She is an artist.
  • We need a taxi.
  • He eats an orange every day.

The rule: listen to the sound

Use a before a consonant sound.

  • a bag
  • a phone
  • a university
  • a useful idea

Use an before a vowel sound.

  • an apple
  • an old house
  • an engineer
  • an hour

The first sound matters, not only the first letter.

  • a university: university starts with a /j/ sound.
  • an hour: the h is silent.

When do we use a/an?

Use a/an when the listener does not know exactly which person or thing you mean.

  • I saw a dog in the park.
  • She has an idea.

Use a/an with jobs and roles.

  • My father is a driver.
  • Sofia is an English teacher.

Do not use a/an with

  • plural nouns: a books ✗ → books / some books
  • uncountable nouns: an information ✗ → some information

Common mistakes

  • an universitya university
  • a applean apple
  • She is teacher.She is a teacher.
  • I have an two cats.I have two cats.

Quick check

  • ___ bag → a bag
  • ___ egg → an egg
  • ___ useful book → a useful book
  • ___ hour → an hour

Next step

Learn when to use the for a specific person or thing.